Growing Sunflowers:
Sunflowers have extensive root systems that help them easily utilize soil nutrients. Sunflowers prefer well-drained soils with a pH between 6.0 to 7.0, like clay loam and silty clay soils.
Sunlight: Sunflowers need at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. If they’re not getting enough light, they’ll elongate in search of more, resulting in weak, “leggy” stems.
Fertilizer: Once the second set of leaves have appeared, a slow-release all-purpose fertilizer can be applied directly to the plants to speed up growth and produce larger flowers. Sunflowers also can benefit from applying half the recommended nitrogen during planting and the second half later in the growing season, which is known as a split application.
Water: Maintain consistently moist soil, but avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
Nutrients: Use a balanced fertilizer, especially one with nitrogen, to support healthy growth. Nitrogen is particularly important for stem and leaf development.
Support and Staking:
Staking: Tall sunflowers or those in windy areas may benefit from staking to prevent them from falling over. Use stakes and gently tie the stems with twine or fabric to the stakes.
Gentle Swaying: A slight breeze or a fan on low can help strengthen stems by encouraging them to develop thicker cell walls in response to the stress.
Addressing “Leggy” Seedlings:
Bury Deeper: If seedlings are leggy (elongated and weak), you can bury them deeper into the soil when transplanting, ensuring only the topmost leaves are exposed.
Partial Burial: Alternatively, you can partially bury the stems of seedlings in the soil.
Harvest:Most sunflower varieties bloom 10-13 weeks after planting, with the blooms lasting for 3-4 weeks. Home gardeners can harvest their sunflowers in the early morning to use for floral arrangements. Handle flowers carefully, and they can last in water at room temperature for up to a week. To harvest the seeds, you can either cut the flower heads off and let them dry and then remove the seeds or let them dry on the stem. |